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Tips on how to take care of pets during the cold winter months

Despite their fur coats, domesticated animals like cats and dogs depend on humans for protection from elements such as freezing temperatures and wind chill. The MSPCA of Western New England offers the following suggestions to help keep all pets safe through the cold winter months.

1.) Don't leave pets outdoors when the temperature drops below freezing. Dogs need outdoor exercise but take care not to keep them out for lengthy periods during very cold weather. Short-coated dogs may feel more comfortable wearing a sweater during walks. Dogs and cats are safer indoors in all sorts of weather.

2.) Wind chill can threaten a pet's life, no matter what the temperature. Outdoor dogs must be protected by a dry, draft-free doghouse that is large enough to allow the dog to sit and lie down comfortably, but small enough to hold in his/her body heat. The floor should be raised a few inches off the ground and covered with cedar shavings or straw. The house should be turned to face away from the wind and the doorway should be covered with a flap of heavy waterproof fabric or heavy plastic.

3.) Pets spending a lot of time outdoors need more food in the winter. Keeping warm depletes energy. Routinely check your pet's water dish to make certain the water is fresh and not frozen. Use plastic food and water bowls rather than metal; your pet's tongue can stick and freeze to metal in cold temperatures.

4.) Warm car engines are dangerous for cats and small wildlife. Animals that may crawl up under the hood in parked cars looking for warmth. To avoid injuring any hidden animals, bang on your car's hood to scare them away before starting your engine.

5.) De-icing chemicals are hazardous. The salt and other chemicals used to melt snow and ice can irritate the pads of your pet's feet. Wipe the feet with a damp towel every time after coming in from outdoors even if you don't see salt on walkways. Pet friendly products are available.

6.) When walking your dog, ice and snow can accumulate in the fur between your dog's toes. This can be uncomfortable. Be sure and remove clumps as they occur. If your pet will tolerate it, there are products on the market to protect pets' feet.

7.) Antifreeze is a deadly poison. However, it has a sweet taste that attracts animals and children. Wipe up spills and store antifreeze out of reach. Better yet, use antifreeze-coolant made with propylene glycol; if swallowed in small amounts, it will not hurt pets, wildlife or people.

If you have any concerns about the safety or welfare of a companion animal, please call MSPCA Law Enforcement at 781-3231 or 1-800-628-5808. The MSPCA also has a 24-hour, seven day a week Poison Control Hotline. Call 1-877-226-4355.